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Pharmacodynamics: How cannabinoids move through the body

Holly Clancy, April 22, 2024

Cannabinoids like THC and CBD produce their effects in several ways. They bind to cannabinoid receptors, serotonin receptors, and other receptors that are part of the “expanded ECS” (a broader network known as the endocannabinoidome). However, the way in which cannabinoids reach these receptors will depend on how they are administered Kambo. The main consumption methods are:

Inhalation : when smoking and vaping, cannabinoids are introduced into the lungs, from where they pass into the blood circulation through small sacs called alveoli; and from there they are transported to the brain after crossing the blood-brain barrier. Once there, they bind to cannabinoid receptors on the surface of neurons and other types of cells that are present in the brain. Specifically, THC activates CB1 receptors, which is what makes us feel high .

Orally: Marijuana edibles must first pass through the stomach and liver. This process converts THC into a metabolite called 11-hydroxy-THC. After processing, this molecule enters the systemic circulation and crosses the blood-brain barrier. The metabolite interacts with ECS receptors in a way that produces an even more potent psychoactive effect than THC.

Sublingually : this method of consumption consists of placing cannabis extracts and oils under the tongue. Cannabinoids are absorbed by the capillary bed in the floor of the mouth and immediately enter the bloodstream.

Topical use: the application of cannabinoids on the skin activates the ECS receptors that are present in our second largest organ. Oils, lotions, creams and balms only influence the ECS at a local level. Instead, transdermal patches deliver cannabinoids deeper, ensuring their access to blood circulation.

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